Question 1
Answer: E
The author clearly dislikes what the judges had to say, but there is no statement of legal disagreement (indeed, it would take a stronger author than the one who wrote this text to claim that the judges simply 'got the law wrong'). The same mostly applies for B. Judicial independence is never at issue, remove C too. The same applies for D, there is no claim that the judges are partial. By a process of elimination, D is correct. D is correct (standing on its own two feet) because the claim from the author is the fear that if judges have too much power then they can impinge on Parliamentary Supremacy and, by extension, the democratic component of our law-making system. This is a tricky text, but the answer is very clear once you understand the text (there is not really even a 'Final Two').
Question 2
Answer: C
Contrast with question 1, this is very difficult. E is the simplest to remove because the Lords really did hate the Parliament Act 1911 (as is made very clear in the text), so it is hardly an exaggeration. Option A may have tricked a small number of students but is fundamentally wrong because the Lords did vote for the Parliament Act 1911 such that they gave legal consent to the Bill's passing and it could not have been passed without their consent (some may have construed consent too narrowly leading to the incorrect selection of this option). B is also factually wrong. The 1949 Act was passed without the Lords altogether (using the 1911 Act) so there was no 'duress', it was just a complete bypassing ("the Commons used the 1911 Act to pass a new act, inventively called the Parliament Act 1911").
The tricky one is D. However, it uses the words 'forced with no alternative' which we know is wrong. The Lords did have an alternative which came in the form of threats from the Commons of "making many radicals into Lords". We are left with C as the correct answer which is tied closely to D. The Lords passed the 1911 Act to preserve their current status rather than having all those radical politicians being turned into Lords.
Question 3
Answer: A
C and E are used in obviously negative ways. B seems on the face of it to be a positive word, but it is used sarcastically as a joke at the uninventive name for the 1949 Act (i.e. being given the same name as the 1911 one). D is used similarly sarcastically against the judges that had just been lambasted by the author. That leaves 'felicitous' which was used in the context of the end of war (synonym: fortunate).